Mark W. Dewhirst, DVM, PhD
Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology

Contact Information
201 Med Sci Research Building
(PH) 919-684-4180
(FX) 919-664-8718
dewhirst@duke.edu

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Education

	PhD	Colorado State University, 1979
	DVM	Colorado State University , 1975
	College	University of Arizona, 1971
	College	Northern Arizona University, 1968

Experience

	1993-present	Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center
	1994-present	Adjunct Professor of Radiology, Department of Anatomy, Physiological Sciences and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University
	1989-present	Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center
	1984-1994	Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University
	1988-1993	Associate Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center
	1984-1988	Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology/Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center
	1982-1984	Adjunct Assitant Professor, Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology and Veterinary Sciences, University of Arizona
	1979-1984	Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Radiology, Division of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona
	1979	Research Associate, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Arizona

 

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Research Interest Description

hyperthermia as a cancer treatment, heat and radiation therapy, heat and chemotherapy, microwave technology, non-invasive thermometry, monitoring tumor microenvironment, oxygen, nutrient, drug transport to tumors, angiogenesis of tumors, hyperthermia, radiation oncology, tumor blood flow

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Selected Publications

1. Secomb TW, Hsu R, Ong ET, Gross JF, DEWHIRST MW : Analysis of the effects of oxygen supply and demand on hypoxic fraction in tumors. Acta Oncologica 34:313-316, 1995 .

2. Meyer RE, Shan S, DeAngelo J, Dodge RK, Bonaventura J, Ong ET, DEWHIRST MW : Nitric oxide synthase inhibition irreversibly decreases perfusion in the R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma. British Journal of Cancer 71:1169-1174, 1995 .

3. Castellino SM, Friedman HS, Elion GB, Ong ET, Marcelli SL, Page R, Bigner DD, DEWHIRST MW : Flunarizine enhancement of melphalan activity against drug-sensitive/resistant rhabdomyosarcoma. British Journal of Cancer 71:1181-1187, 1995 .

4. Brizel DM, Lin S, Johnson JL, Brooks J, DEWHIRST MW , Piantadosi CA: The mechanisms by which hyperbaric oxygen and carbogen improve tumor oxygenation. British Journal of Cancer 72:1120, 1124, 1995 .

5. Schuster JM, Zalutsky MR, Noska MA, Dodge R, Friedman HS, Bigner DD, DEWHIRST MW : Hyperthermic modulation of radiolabeled antibody uptake in a human glioma xenograft and normal tissues. International Journal of Hyperthermia 11:59-72, 1995 .

6. Prosnitz LR, DEWHIRST MW : Progress toward a thermal dosimetry system [editorial; comment]. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 33:963-964, 1995 .

7. Foltz RM, McLendon RE, Friedman HS, Dodge RK, Bigner DD, DEWHIRST MW : A pial window model for the intracranial study of human glioma microvascular function. Neurosurgery 36:976-985, 1995 .

8. Page RL, Lee J, Riviere JE, Dodge RK, Thrall DE, DEWHIRST MW : Absence of whole body hyperthermia effect on cisplatin distribution in spontaneous canine tumors. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 32:1097-1102, 1995 .

9. Brizel DM, Rosner GL, Prosnitz LR, DEWHIRST MW : Patterns and variability of tumor oxygenation in human soft tissue sarcomas, cervical carcinomas, and lymph node metastases. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 32:1121-1125, 1995 .

10. Kimura H, Wu NZ, Dodge R, Spencer DP, Klitzman BM, McIntyre TM, DEWHIRST MW : Inhibition of radiation-induced up-regulation of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells with the platelet activating factor inhibitor, BN52021. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 33:627-633, 1995 .

11. Minsley GE, DEWHIRST MW , Tucker MR. Craniofacial implants in irradiated bone: clinical and laboratory experiences. Proceedings of the First International Congress on Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Indian Wells, CA, April 27-30, 1994 (New York: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1995 ), pp. 297-304.

12. DEWHIRST MW ., LaRue SM, and Gerweck L: Tumor physiology and cell kinetics, Semin Vet Med Surg (Small Anim). 10: 148-57, 1995 .

13. Gaber MH, Wu NZ, Hong K, Huang SK, DEWHIRST MW : Papahadjopoulos D: Thermosensitive liposomes: Extravasation and release of contents in tumor microvascular networks. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 36:1177-1187, 1996 .

14. Hauck ML, DEWHIRST MW , Zalutsky MR: The effects of clinically relevant hyperthermic temperatures on the kinetic binding parameters of a monoclonal antibody. Nuclear Medicine and Biology 23:551-557, 1996 .

15. Raleigh JA, DEWHIRST MW , Thrall DE: Measuring Tumor Hypoxia. Seminars in Radiation Oncology 6:37-45, 1996 .

16. Lindberg RA, DEWHIRST MW , Buckley BJ, Hughes CS, Whorton AR: Calcium-dependent nitric oxide release in EA.hy926 endothelial but not R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells. American Journal of Physiology 271 (Cell Physiology 40): C332-C337, 1996 .

17. Gulledge CJ, DEWHIRST MW : Tumor oxygenation: A matter of supply and demand. Anticancer Research 16:741-750, 1996 .

18. DEWHIRST MW , Kimura H, Rehmus SWE, Braun RD, Papahadjopoulos D, Hong K, Secomb TW: Microvascular studies on the origins of perfusion-limited hypoxia. British Journal of Cancer 74:S241-S246, 1996 .

19. DEWHIRST MW , Ong ET, Rosner GL, Rehmus SWE, Shan S, Braun RD, Brizel DM, Secomb TW: Arteriolar oxygenation in tumor and subcutaneous arterioles: Effects of inspired air oxygen content. British Journal of Cancer 74:S247-S251, 1996 .

20. Brizel DM, Scully SP, Harrelson JM, Layfield LJ, Bean JM, Prosnitz LR, DEWHIRST MW : Tumor oxygenation predicts for the likelihood of distant metastases in human soft tissue sarcoma. Cancer Research 56:941-943, 1996 .

21. Rosner GL, Clegg ST, Prescott DM, DEWHIRST, MW: Estimation of cell survival in tumors heated to nonuniform temperature distributions. International Journal of Hyperthermia 12:223-239, 1996

22. Thrall DE, Prescott DM, Samulski TV, Denman DL, Legorreta RL, Rosner GL, Dodge RK, Page RL, Cline JM, Lee J, Evans SM, Oleson JR, DEWHIRST MW : Radiation plus local hyperthermia versus radiation plus the combination of local and whole body hyperthermia in canine sarcomas. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 34(5):1087-1096, 1996 .

23. Brizel DM, Scully SP, Harrelson JM, Layfield LJ, Dodge RK, Charles HC, Samulski TV, Prosnitz LR, and DEWHIRST MW . Radiation Therapy and Hyperthermia Improve the Oxygenation of Human Soft Tissue Sarcomas. Cancer Research. 56:5347-5350. 1996 .

24. Kimura H, Braun RD, Ong ET, Hsu R, Secomb TW, Papahadjopoulos D, Hong K, DEWHIRST MW : Fluctuations in red cell flux in tumor microvessel lead to transient hypoxia and reoxygenation in tumor parenchyma. Cancer Research 56:5522-5528, 1996 .

25. Jones DN, McCowage G, Sostman HD, Brizel DM, Layfield L, Charles HC, DEWHIRST MW , Prescott DM, Friedman HS, Harrelson JM, Scully SP, Coleman RE: Monitoring of neoadjuvant therapy response of soft tissue and musculoskeletal sarcomas using F18-FDG PET: initial evaluation. Journal of Nuclear Medicine 37:1438-1444, 1996 .

26. Hettasch JM, Bandarenko N, Lai T-S, Marks JR, Haroon Z, Peters K, DEWHIRST MW , Iglehart, JD, Greenberg CS. Tissue transgluminase expression in human breast cancer. Laboratory Investigator Laboratory Investigation 75:637-645, 1996 .

27. Hauck ML, Price GS, Ogilvie GK, Johnson J, Gillette EL, Thrall DE, DEWHIRST MW ., and Page RL: Phase I evaluation of mitoxantrone alone and combined with whole body hyperthermia in dogs with lymphoma, Int J Hyperthermia. 12: 309-20, 1996 .

28. Zalutsky MR, Schuster JM, Garg PK, Archer GE Jr., DEWHIRST MW , and Bigner DD: Two approaches for enhancing radioimmunotherapy: alpha emitters and hyperthermia, Recent Results Cancer Res. 141: 101-22, 1996 .

29. Raleigh JA, DEWHIRST MW , and Thrall DE: Measuring Tumor Hypoxia, Semin Radiat Oncol. 6: 37-45, 1996 .

30. Shan SQ, Rosner GL, Braun RD, Hahn J, Pearce C, DEWHIRST MW : Effects of diethylamine/nitric oxide on blood perfusion in the R3230Ac mammary carcinoma. British Journal of Cancer 76:429-437, 1997 .

31. Hauck ML. DEWHIRST MW , Bigner DD, Zalutsky ML: Local hyperthermia improves uptake of a chimeric monoclonal antibody in a subcutaneous xenograft model. Cl Cancer Research 3:63-70, 1997 .

32. Anscher MS, Samulski TV, Rosner G, Dodge R, Prosnitz L, DEWHIRST MW : Combined external beam irradiation and external regional hyperthermia for locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology and Physics 37:1059-1065, 1997 .

33. Braun RD, DEWHIRST MW , Hatchell DL. Quantification of erythrocyte flow in the choroid. Am.J. Physiol. 272:H1444-H1453, 1997 .

34. Wu NZ, Braun RD, Gaber MH, Lin GM, Ong ET, Shan S, Papahadjopoulos D, DEWHIRST MW . Simultaneous measurment of liposome extravasation and content release in tumors. Microcirculation 4:83-101, 199 7.

35. Hahn JS, Braun RD, DEWHIRST MW , Shan S, Snyder SA, Taub JM, Ong ET, Rosner GL, Dodge RK, Bonaventura J, Bonaventura C, DeAngelo J, Meyer RE: Stroma-free human hemoglobin A decreases R3230Ac rat mammary adenocarcinoma blood flow and oxygen partial pressure. Radiation Research 147:185-194, 1997 .

36. Hauck ML, Coffin DO, Dodge RK, DEWHIRST MW , Mitchell JB, Zalutsky MR. A local hyperthermia treatment which enhances antibody uptake in a glioma xenograft model does not affect tumour interstitial fluid pressure. International Journal of Hyperthermia 13:307-316, 1997 .

37. Brizel DM, Prosnitz LR, Sibley GS, Scher RL, Rosner GL, DEWHIRST MW . Tumor hypoxia adversely affects to prognosis of carcinoma of the head and neck. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 38:285-289, 1997 .

38. Wong AL, Haroon Z, Werner S, DEWHIRST W , Greenberg CS, Peters K. Tie2 expression and phosphyorylation of in angiogenic and quiescent adult tissues. Circulation Research 81:567-574, 1997 .

39. Brizel DM, Hage WD, Dodge RK, Munley MT, Piantadosi CA, DEWHIRST MW . Hyperbaric oxygen improves tumor radiation response significantly more than carbogen/nicotinamide. Radiation Research 147:715-720, 1997 .

40. Nozue M, Lee I, Yuan F, Teicher BA, Brizel DM, DEWHIRST MW , Milross CG, Milas L, Song CW, Thomas CD, Guichard M, Evans SM, Koch CJ, Lord EM, Jain RK, Suit HD: Interlaboratory variation in oxygen tension measurement by Eppendorf "histograph" and comparison with hypoxic marker. Journal of Surgical Oncology 66:30-38, 1997 .

41. Wong AL, Haroon ZA, Werner S, DEWHIRST MW , Greenberg CS, and Peters KG: Tie2 expression and phosphorylation in angiogenic and quiescent adult tissues, Circ Res. 81: 567-74, 1997 .

42. Lin P, Polverine P, DEWHIRST MW , Shan S, Rao PS, Peters K. Inhibition of tumor angiogenesis using a soluble receptor establishes a role for Tie2 in pathologic vascular growth. J Clin Invest 100:2072-2078, 1997 .

43. Bryce TJ, DEWHIRST MW , Floyd CE, Hars V, Brizel DM. Artificial neural network model of survival in patients treated with irradiation with irradiation with and without concurrent chemotherapy for advanced carcinoma of the head and neck. International Journal Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 41:339-345, 1998 .

44. Lin P, Sankar S, Shan S, DEWHIRST MW , Polverini P, Quinn T, Peters K. Inhibition of tumor growth by targeting tumor endothelium using a soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. Cell Growth and Differentiation 9:49-58, 1998 .

45. Acker JC, Marks LB, Spencer DP, Yang W, Avery MA, Dodge RK, Rosner GL, DEWHIRST MW . Serial in vivo observations of cerebral vasculature after treatment with a large single fraction of radiation. Radiation Research 149:350-359, 1998 .

46. Wink DA, Vodovotz Y, Laval J, Laval F, DEWHIRST MW , Mitchell JB. The multifaceted roles of NO in cancer. Carcinogenesis 19(5):711-2, 1998 .

47. Sneed PK, DEWHIRST MW , Samulski T, Blivin J, and Prosnitz LR: Should interstitial thermometry be used for deep hyperthermia? [editorial; comment], Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 40: 1015-7, 1998 .

48. DEWHIRST MW and Mitchell JB: Introduction, Semin Radiat Oncol. 8: 141-2, 1998 .

49. DEWHIRST MW : Concepts of oxygen transport at the microcirculatory level, Semin Radiat Oncol. 8: 143-50, 1998 .

50. DEWHIRST MW and Corry PM: Further justification for development of non-invasive thermometry [editorial; comment], International Journal of Hyperthermia. 14: 255, 1998 .

51. Wilson DF, Evans SM, Jenkins WT, Vinogradov SA, Ong E, and DEWHIRST MW : Oxygen distributions within R3230Ac tumors growing in dorsal flap window chambers in rats, Adv Exp Med Biol. 454: 603-9, 1998 .

52. Secomb TW, Hsu R, Braun RD, Ross JR, Gross JF, and DEWHIRST MW : Theoretical simulation of oxygen transport to tumors by three-dimensional networks of microvessels, Adv Exp Med Biol. 454: 629-34, 1998 .

53. Huang Q, Shan S, Braun RD, Lanzen J, Anyrhambatla G, Kong G, Borelli M, Corry P, DEWHIRST MW , and Li CY: Noninvasive visualization of tumors in rodent dorsal skin window chambers, Nat Biotechnol. 17: 1033-5, 1999 .

54. Larue SM, Fox MH, Ogilvie GK, Page RL, Getzy DM, Thrall DE, Johnson JL, DEWHIRST MW and Gillette EL: Tumour cell kinetics as predictors of response in canine lymphoma treated with chemotherapy alone or combined with whole body hyperthermia, Int J Hyperthermia. 15: 475-86, 1999 .

55. Haroon ZA, Lai TS, Hettasch JM, Lindberg RA, DEWHIRST MW , and Greenberg CS: Tissue transglutaminase is expressed as a host response to tumor invasion and inhibits tumor growth, Lab Invest. 79: 1679-86, 1999 .

56. Lin P, Buxton JA, Acheson A, Redziewjewski C, Maisonpierre PC, Yancopoulos GD, Channon KM, DEWHIRST MW , George SE, Peters KG. Antiangiogenic gene therapy targetting the endothelium-specific receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2. PNAS 95:8829-8834, 1998 .

57. DEWHIRST MW , Ong ET, Braun RD, Smith B et al. Quantification of longitudinal tissue p02 gradients in window chamber tumors: Impact on tumor hypoxia. British Journal of Cancer 79:1717-1722, 1999 .

58. Biaglow JE, Manevich Y, Leeper D, Chance B, DEWHIRST MW , Jenkins WT, Tuttle SW, Wroblewski K, Glickson JD, Stevens C, Evans SM. MIBG inhibits respiration: potential for radio-and hyperthermia sensitization. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 42:871-876, 1998 .

59. DEWHIRST MW , Braun RD, Lanzen JL. Temporal changes in pO2 of R3230Ac tumors in fischer-344 rats. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 42:723-726, 1998 .

60. Lanzen JL, Braun RD, Ong AL, DEWHIRST MW . Variability in blood flow and pO2 in tumors in response to carbogen breathing. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 42:855-859, 1998 .

61. Dunn TJ, Braun RD, Rhemus WE, Rosner GL, Secomb TW, Tozer GM, Chaplin DJ, DEWHIRST MW . The effects of hyperoxic and hypercarbic gases on tumour blood flow. British Journal of Cancer 80:117-126, 1999 .

62. Krol A., Maresca J, DEWHIRST MW , Yuan F. Available volume fraction of macromolecules in a fibrosarcoma: Implication for drug delivery. Cancer Research 59:4136-4141, 1999 .

63. Thrall DE, LaRue SM, Powers BE, Page RL, Johnson J, George SL, Kornegay JN, McEntee MC, Case BC, DEWHIRST MW , Gillette EL. Use of whole body hyperthermia as a method to heat inaccessible tumors uniformly: A phase III trial in canine brain masses. Int Journal of Hyperthermia 15:383-398, 1999 .

64. Kong G and DEWHIRST MW . Hyperthermia and liposomes: a review. Int. Journal of Hyperthermia. 15:345-370, 1999 .

65. Prosnitz LR, Maguire P, Anderson JM, Scully SP, Harrelson JM, Jones EL, DEWHIRST MW , Samulski TV, Powers BE, Rosner GL, Dodge RK, Layfield L, Clough R, Brizel DM. The treatment of high grade soft tissue sarcomas with preoperative thermoradiotherapy. . International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics 45:941-949, 1999 .

66. Braun R, Lanzen JL, DEWHIRST MW . Fourier analysis of fluctuations of oxygen tension and blood flow in R3230Ac tumors and muscle in rats. American Physiology Society 277:H551-H568, 1999 .

67. Haroon ZA, Hettasch JM, Lai TS, DEWHIRST MW , Greenberg CS. Tissue transglutaminase is expressed, active, and directly involved in rat dermal wound healing and angiogenesis. FASEB 13:1787-1795, 1999 .

68. Brizel DM, Dodge RK, Clough RW, DEWHIRST MW . Oxygenation of Head and Neck Cancer: Changes During Radiotherapy and Impact on Treatment Outcome. The Green Journal 53 (2): 113-117, 1999 .

69. Craciunescu O, Das SK, DEWHIRST MW . Three-dimensional microvascular networks fractal structure: potential for tissue characterization. ASME Proceedings, 1999 .

70. Vujaskovic Z, Poulson JM, Gaskin AA, Thrall DE, Page RL, Charles HC, MacFall JR, Brizel DM, Meyer RE, Prescott DM, Samulski TV, DEWHIRST MW . Temperature dependent changes in physiologic parameters of spontaneous canine soft tissue sarcomas after combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia treatment. International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics 46:179-185, 1999 .

71. Huang Q, Shan S, Braun RD, Lanzen J, Anyrhambatla G, Kong G, Borelli M, Corry P, DEWHIRST MW , and Li C-Y: GFP based non-invasive, in vivo monitoring of gene expression. Nature Biotechnology, vol 17, 1999 , pp1033-1035.

72. Secomb TW, Hsu R, Braun RD, DEWHIRST MW . Analysis of Oxygen transport to tumors: causes of heterogenous tissue oxygenation. 1999 Buioengineering Conference, Big Sky Montana, June 16-20, 1999 . BED Vol. 42, pp 487-488, 1999 .

73. Li CY, Huang Q, Braun RD, Lanzen J, Turnage J, DEWHIRST MW : ( 2000 ) Initial stages of tumor cells-induced angiogenesis:evaluation via skin window chambers in rodent models Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol 92, pp143-127.

74. Huang Q, Hu K, Lohr F, Zhang L, Braun R, Lanzen J, Little JB, DEWHIRST MW , and Li C-Y: Heat-induced Gene Expression as a Novel Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy Strategy Cancer Research, In Press (July 1, 2000 ).

75. Lohr F, Hu K, Haroon Z, Samulski TV, Huang Q, Beaty J, DEWHIRST MW , and Li, C-Y: Combination treatment of murine tumors by adenovirus mediated local B7/IL12 immunotherapy and radiotherapy. Submitted to Molecular Therapy

76. DEWHIRST MW , Tozer G, Wilson J, Rosner G, Lanzen J, Kaz A, Snyder S, Stamier, J. Modulation of Tumor Blood Flow by Nitric Oxide, [in] Radiation Research Volume 2; Congress Proceedings, Moriarity M, Mothersill C, Seymour C, Eddington M, Ward JF, Fry RJM (eds), Allen Press, Lawrence, KA, pp 610 - 613, 2000 .

77. DEWHIRST MW , Kong G, Needham D. Use of Hyperthermia to Augment Liposomal Drug Delivery to Tumours, [in] Radiation Research Volume 2; Congress Proceedings, Moriarity M, Mothersill C, Seymour C, Eddington M, Ward JF, Fry RJM (eds), Allen Press, Lawrence, KA, pp 853 - 856, 2000 .

78. Blackwell K, Haroon Z, Broadwater G, Berry D, Harris L, Inglehart JD, DEWHIRST MW , Greenberg C. Plasma D-Dimer Levels in Operable Breast Cancer Patients Correlate With Clinical Stage and Auxillary Lymph Node Status, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 18, No. 3 (February), pp 600-608, 2000 .

79. Haroon ZA, Raleigh JA, Greenberg CS, and DEWHIRST MW : Early wound healing exhibits cytokine surge without evidence of hypoxia, Ann Surg. 231: 137-47, 2000 .

80. Kong G, Braun RD, DEWHIRST MW . Hyperthermia enables tumor-specific nanoparticle delivery: effect of particle size. Cancer Research , (in Press 2000 ).

81. Haroon ZA, Raleigh JA, Greenberg CS, DEWHIRST MW . Early wound healing exhibits cytokine surge without evidence of hypoxia. Annals of Surgery 231: 137-147, 2000 .

82. Thrall DE, Rosner GL, Azuma C, LaRue SM, Case BC, Samulski T, DEWHIRST MW . Using units of CEM 43oC T90, local hyperthermia thermal dose can be delivered as prescribed. International Journal of Hyperthermia (In Press, 1999 ).

83. Vujaskovic Z, Poulson JM, Charles HC, Prescott DM, Page RL, Thrall DE, DEWHIRST MW . The Relationship between intracellular and extracellular pH in spontaneous canine tumors. Clinical Cancer Research 6: 2501-2505, 2000 .

84. Minning DM, Gow AJ, Bonaventura J, Braun R, DEWHIRST M , Goldberg DE, Stamler JS. Ascaris haemoglobin is a nitric oxide-activated 'deoxygenase.' Nature 401:497-502, 1999 .

85. Biaglow JE, Lee I, Donahue J, Held K, Mieyal J, DEWHIRST M , Tuttle S. Glutathione depletion or radiation treatment alters respiration and induces apoptosis in R3230Ac mammary carcinoma. Proceedings of the 1999 ISOTT conference, Dartmouth (in press, 1999 ).

86. Lee I, Glickson JD, DEWHIRST MW , Leeper DB, Burd R, Poptani H, Nada L, McKenna G, Biaglow JE. Effect of mild hyperglycemia +/- meta-iodo-benzylguanidine on the radiation response of R3230 AC tumors. Proceedings of the 1999 ISOTT conference, Dartmouth (in press, 1999 ).

87. Matteucci ML, Anyarambhatla G, Rosner G, Azuma C, Fisher PE, DEWHIRST MW , Needham D, Thrall DE. Hyperthermia increases extravasation of technetium-99m labeled liposomes in feline sarcomas. Clinical Cancer Research (in press, 2000 ).

88. Adams DJ, DEWHIRST MW , Flowers JL, Gamcsik MP, Colvin OM, Manikumar G, Wani MC, Wall ME. Camptothecin analogues with selective antitumor activity at acidic pH. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology (in press, 2000 ).

89. Prescott DM, Charles HC, Poulson JM, Page RL, Thrall DE, Vujaskovic Z and DEWHIRST MW . The relationship between intracellular and extracellular pH in spontaneous canine tumors. Clinical Cancer Research vol 6., ppp2501-2505, 2000 .

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